Hydrodynamics of Speed on the Water

Surface Piercing Propellers and Fast Boats

Joseph L. McCauley Physics Dept. Univ. of Houston, Houston, Tx. 77204 outboard_services@mccauleyandson.com

1.1 Introduction
1.2 The Lagrangian description of a flow
1.3 The Eulerian description of a flow
1.4 Streamlines and vorticity
1.5 Bernoulli’s eqn.
1.6 Mass conservation and potential flow
1.7 The stream function and velocity potential
1.8 Sources, sinks and vortices
1.9 Circulation conservation
1.10 Motion of vortex pairs
1.11 Cavitation
1.12 Force on an object in streamline flow
Chapter summary S1.1 Streamline flow, S1.2 Mass conservation, S1.3, Energy conservation, S1.4 Vortices and circulation

2.1. Shear, drag and viscosity
2.2 The Navier Stokes eqn.
2.3 Reynolds nr. scaling
2.4 Vorticity and shear
2.5 Dimensional analysis of the laminar boundary layer
2.6 Skin friction on a flat plate
2.7 Boundary layer theory
2.8 Form drag, skin friction, and lift
2.9 Zhoukowskii’s theorem on lift
2.10 Lift and drag coefficients
2.11 Vorticity transport and vortex stretching
2.12 The laminar wake
2.13.Boundary layer separation
2.14 Wake behind a cylinder with increasing R
2.15 Energy dissipation
2.16 Introduction to turbulence
2.17 Reynold’s equations and eddy viscosity
2.18 The turbulent wake
2.19 Dimensional analysis
2.20 Turbulence in a pipe boundary layer
2.21 Drag on a flat plate
2.22 The drag crisis
2.23 Eddy viscosity and the mixing length
Chapter summary S2.1 Viscosity, shear, and drag, S2.2 Reynolds number scaling, S2.3 Skin friction due to a laminar boundary layer, S2.4 Skin friction with a turbulent boundary layer, S2.5 Boundary layer separation and eddy creation, S2.6 Lift and drag coefficients

3.1 Lift, drag and circulation
3.2 The starting vortex, induced drag, and downwash
3.3 Lift on a thin wing section
3.4 Center of pressure
3.5 Camber
3.6 Wings in three dimensions
3.7 Induced drag
3.8 Lift and drag variation with camber and wing shape
3.9 Supercavitation
Chapter summary S3.1 Lift, drag and circulation, S3.2 Lift on a thin wing section, S3.4 Center of pressure, S3.5 Camber, S3.6 Tip vortices and drag, S3.7 Lift and drag on wings, S3.8 Supercavitation

4.1 Propeller blades are twisted rotating hydrofoils
4.2 Full versus partial submersion
4.3 Pitch, diameter, and slip
4.4 Thrust, torque, power, and mechanical efficiency
4.5 Propeller efficiency
4.6 Lift and drag on blade sections
4.7 Center of pressure
4.8. Propeller efficiency and the pitch to diameter ratio
Chapter summary 4.1S Propeller blades are twisted rotating hydrofoils 4.2S Full vs. partial submersion 4.3S Pitch, diameter and slip

5.1 What is surface piercing?
5.2 Power-diameter-RPM scaling
5.3 Surface piercing propeller efficiencies
5.4 Camber, cup, and rake
5.4.1 Camber vs. pitch
5.4.2 Cup and the blade tip
5.4.3 Rake and offset transoms
5.5 Circulation conservation, ventilation, and supercavitation
5.6 Mathematical design of blade shape, rake, and camber for surface piercing props
5.7 History of surface piercing propellers